education system in india essay

Education is fundamental to human progress. It plays a prominent role in all-around development of individual as well as society. A large number of books have been written on the importance of education. Education plays a key role in creating patriotic, disciplined and productive manpower.Educated manpower constitutes precious assets as well as agents for advancing the nation. Education means the fostering of personality through the unhampered development of innate qualities of a human being. It aims at integrated development of personality.In principle, education to the citizen is the responsibility of the State since India is a welfare State. It is an integral part of the social sector of the economy. It adds to the efficiency and productivity of human resources leading to sustainable economic growth. Its direct and indirect effects can be observed on the performance of economic sector and social sector of the country. The role of State is important in education sector for its vertical and horizontal growth.Image Source : cloudimages.youthconnect.inEducation system in India is similar to that of various other South Asian countries. It consists of three major components- general education, vocational and technical, which till liberalisation of economy were public domain, i.e. they were State’s responsibility class grading divided education system from Primary level to Master level into 17 years. Institutional set-up such as university is called the basic infrastructure which is determinant of educational development.Since the liberalisation of economy, the education sector has been opened up for the private sector and for the joint venture investment. Before 1990 when education sector was State-led which was thought good but the limited resources’ allocation to education had limited its growth projects.This contributed to the emergence of the free educational market.
  Secondary Education process leads to further development of the subjectstaught in the primary education further is imparted till 17-18 years of age. Likethe Language skills are nurtured to develop more sophisticated skills in Grammar& Comprehension along with verbal & written communication skills. TheMathematics skills include not only arithmetic but geometry, trigonometry,calculus, logarithms, concepts of accounting as well as some other relativelymore sophisticated concept. Science is taught to develop critical thinking abilitythrough systematic examination of natural phenomenon along with technologicaladvancements of the society with knowledge of structure & composition of different states of matter, botany, zoology, physics and computer science amongothers. Social Science education dwells in geography, political science &awareness of Law, anthropology, economics with appreciation of various religion& belief systems, cultures & social phenomenon like casteism, racism etc.including history. The idea is to instil confidence in a child through realization of his inherent abilities, equip him to nurture his abilities and aptitude further, helphim understand social, cultural, regulatory, political & legal systems of thesociety with social skills like organizing in teams or groups, leading such groups,dexterity, sportsman/competitive spirit & discipline, hygiene and sensitivitytowards & appreciation of others. Tertiary education seeks to nurture & improve financial productivity of anindividual. Ideally no age limit should be prescribed for such education as itsdemand is a by-product of self-actualization endeavour of an individual. Itprepares him to recognize his/her ‘needs & wants’ and acquire skills to furtherhis abilities & aptitude to meet those needs by negotiating his space in society.Advanced knowledge of Engineering, Medicine, Science & Technology.
Education is a co-current state level subjects and under the Indian Constitution education is made a Fundamental Right and Directive Principles of State Policy further needed free education and other facilities to children. There is no discrimination among the people on the basis of religion, caste or creed/faith etc. However, the minorities are given right to run their own educational institutions with financial aid from Government and they are free to introduce their religion, language in their institution. Education is compulsory and free upto primary standard. Indian education system has a wide structure and the educational institutions can introduce the education or learning pattern as below VA years in pre-nursery schools, in the primary schools upto V class or so. Education is further upgraded upto 10+2 system where the examinations are conducted by the Board at 10 and 12. Thereafter, students are free to choose the courses of their own at any stage, i.e. primary, secondary, senior secondary level. Schools are of different levels. Local Boards run the schools upto Primary, V standard, both in mother tongue and English medium. Thereafter the schools may upgrade themselves upto X known as Secondary schools. They can also be upgraded upto 12, called Senior Secondary schools. The education is a co-current (state level) subject and the Central Government cannot interfere in their functioning. As such schools are pre- primary, pre-nursery, then primary, secondary and senior secondary run both by the private bodies as well as by Government. Indian schools are not as well organised as they are expected. Private/Public school charge high fee and have control on their institution. They only need the registration by the Centre/State Government or their Bodies and Management. While the Education Department has a loose control over these Private/ Public Schools government.