research papers on diabetes type 1

The more severe form of diabetes is type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes. It’s sometimes called “juvenile” diabetes, because type 1 diabetes usually develops in children and teenagers, though it can develop at any age.   Immune System Attacks With type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system attacks part of its own pancreas. Scientists are not sure why. But the immune system mistakenly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign, and destroys them. This attack is known as autoimmune disease. These cells – called “islets” (pronounced EYE-lets) – are the ones that sense glucose in the blood and, in response, produce the necessary amount of insulin to normalize blood sugars. Insulin serves as a “key” to open your cells, to allow the glucose to enter -- and allow you to use the glucose for energy.   Without insulin, there is no “key.”   So, the sugar stays -- and builds up-- in the blood. The result: the body’s cells starve from the lack of glucose.   And, if left untreated, the high level of “blood sugar” can damage eyes, kidneys, nerves, and the heart, and can also lead to coma and death.  Insulin Therapy So, a person with type 1 treats the disease by taking insulin injections. This outside source of insulin now serves as the “key” -- bringing glucose to the body’s cells.  The challenge with this treatment is that it’s often not possible to know precisely how much insulin to take. The amount is based on many factors, including: Food Exercise Stress Emotions and general health Balancing Act  These factors fluctuate greatly throughout every day. So, deciding on what dose of insulin to take is a complicated balancing act.   If you take too much, then your body burns too much glucose -- and your blood sugar can drop to a dangerously low level. This is a condition called hypoglycemia, which, if untreated, can be potentially life-threatening.   If you take too.
Effect of glucose variability on pathways associated with glucotoxicity in diabetes: Evaluation of a novel in vitro experimental approachApril 2016Katarína Kuricová | Lukáš Pácal | Jan Šoupal | Martin Prázný | Kateřina KaňkováGlycaemic variability (GV) has been hypothesized to increase the risk of diabetes complications; however, results of clinical studies are contradictory. The effect of GV on cell phenotypes has been.Topiramate monotherapy for weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysisApril 2016Bridget Paravattil | Kyle J. Wilby | Ricky TurgeonTo conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of topiramate as monotherapy for weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Are diabetes camps effective?April 2016Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barone | Marco Antonio Vivolo | Paul B. MaddenIn the present article data about Diabetes Camps (DC) from all continents were reviewed in order to answer the title question “are diabetes camps effective?”. Articles from peer reviewed journals and.Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult Russian population (NATION study)Available online 2 March 2016Ivan Dedov | Marina Shestakova | Massimo Massi Benedetti | Dominique Simon | Iakov Pakhomov | Gagik GalstyanTo estimate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in Russian adults.Assessment of kidney dysfunction with cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate and predicting type 2 diabetes: Toranomon Hospital Health Management Center Study 21March 2016Yoriko Heianza | Shigeko Hara | Kazumi Saito | Hiroshi Tsuji | Shiro Tanaka | Satoru Kodama | Tetsuro Kobayashi | Yasuji Arase | Hirohito SoneWhether early stages of kidney dysfunction assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate from cystatin C measurements (eGFRCysC) rather than from.
Description An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of type 1 diabetes. Alternative Names Type 1 diabetes; Insulin-dependent diabetes; Juvenile diabetes HighlightsType 1 DiabetesIn type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is involved in regulating how the body converts sugar (glucose) into energy. People with type 1 diabetes need to take daily insulin shots and carefully monitor their blood glucose levels.Type 1 diabetes is much less common than type 2 diabetes. It accounts for 5 - 10% of all diabetes cases. Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it usually first develops in childhood or adolescence. Symptoms of DiabetesSymptoms of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes include:Frequent urinationExcessive thirstExtreme hungerSudden weight lossExtreme fatigueIrritabilityBlurred visionIn general, the symptoms of type 1 diabetes come on more abruptly and are more severe than those of type 2 diabetes.Warning Signs of HypoglycemiaHypoglycemia (low blood sugar) occurs when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall below normal. All patients with diabetes should be aware of these symptoms of hypoglycemia:SweatingTremblingHungerRapid heartbeatConfusionIt is important to quickly treat hypoglycemia and raise blood sugar levels by eating sugar, sucking on hard candy, or drinking fruit juice. Patients who are at risk for hypoglycemia should carry some sugar product, or an emergency glucagon injection kit, in case an attack occurs. In rare and worst cases, hypoglycemia can lead to coma and death. Regular blood sugar monitoring throughout the day can help you avoid hypoglycemia. Patients are also encouraged to wear a medical alert ID bracelet or necklace that states they have diabetes and that they take insulin.Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Living Longer and Healthier LivesRates of serious complications among people with type 1.
Diabetes Length: 720 words (2.1 double-spaced pages) Rating: Red (FREE)   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) Diabetes is a disease characterized by excessive urination. Diabetes mellitus is caused by insufficient insulin production or lack of responsiveness to insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels). There are 2 primary types of diabetes mellitus, type I (insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset), which may be caused by an autoimmune response, and type II (non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset). Diabetes insipidus is typically due to hormonal dysregulation. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, an anabolic hormone. Insulin is produced in the pancreas by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. Absence, destruction, or loss of these cells causes an absolute deficiency of insulin, leading to type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]). Most children with diabetes have IDDM and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. Type 2 diabetes (non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]) is a heterogeneous disorder. Patients with NIDDM have insulin resistance, and their beta cells lack the ability to overcome this resistance. Although this form of diabetes previously was uncommon in children, 20% or more of new patients with diabetes in childhood and adolescence now have NIDDM, a change associated with increased rates of obesity.       Insulin is essential to process carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Insulin reduces blood glucose levels by allowing glucose to enter muscle cells and fat cells and by stimulating the conversion of glucose to glycogen as a carbohydrate store. Insulin also inhibits the release of stored glucose from liver glycogen and slows the breakdown of fat to triglycerides, free fatty.
Since there is no cure for diabetes, we must focus on proper care. The UCSF Diabetes Center is dedicated to research and clinical care for individuals and families with diabetes. The emphasis must be on caring for diabetes, since there is no safe, easy and efficacious cure for type 1 diabetes. However, current medical researchers have made great inroads toward understanding the genetic and molecular factors that lead to the destruction of islet cells. Medical researchers have also been exploring novel ways to: Diagnose those who are at high risk for developing diabetes Prevent the onset of the clinical manifestation of the disease Slow the progression of diabetes in the newly diagnosed period and Restore the body’s ability to produce insulin with pancreas and islet cell transplants The Diabetes Center at the University of California, San Francisco is dedicated to research and clinical care for individuals and families with diabetes. Learn more about diabetes research at UCSF: Find out more about other national diabetes research projects.
Journal of Diabetes Research Open Special Issues mHealth and eHealth for Obesity and Types 2 and 1 Diabetes PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Gianluca Castelnuovo, Giancarlo Mauri, Kayo Waki Manuscript Due: Friday, 4 March 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 22 July 2016 Role of Tissue and Systemic Hypoxia in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Lei Xi, Chin-Moi Chow, Xingxing Kong Manuscript Due: Friday, 4 March 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 22 July 2016 Novel Cellular and Molecular Adaptive Responses to Stress in Diabetes PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Yajing Wang, Xin Ma, Wayne B. Lau, Qian Fan Manuscript Due: Friday, 4 March 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 22 July 2016 Advances in Immunogenetic and Immunotherapy of Type 1 Diabetes PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Aziz A. Chentoufi, Vincent Geenen, Constantin Polychronakos Manuscript Due: Friday, 18 March 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 5 August 2016 Surgical Treatment of Compression Neuropathies in the Diabetic Upper and Lower Extremities PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Giorgio Pietramaggiori, Saja Scherer, Robert Hagan, Ziv Peled Manuscript Due: Friday, 25 March 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 12 August 2016 Complications of Diabetes 2016 PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Konstantinos Papatheodorou, Maciej Banach, Michael Edmonds, Nikolaos Papanas, Dimitrios Papazoglou Manuscript Due: Friday, 8 April 2016 Publication Date: Friday, 26 August 2016 Dentistry and Diabetes: The Influence of Diabetes in Oral Diseases and Dental Treatments PDF Call for Papers | HTML Call for Papers Guest Editors: Eugenio Velasco-Ortega, Rafael A. Delgado-Ruiz, Daniele Botticelli, Jose López-López, Gustavo Avila-Ortiz Manuscript Due: Friday, 22 April 2016 Publication.