essay questions on immunity

Bantekas & Papastavridis: International Law Concentrate Essay guidance You should start off by discussing the various types of immunities afforded under international law to physical persons—that is, personal and functional. You should always analyse these by reference to available case law. Your second section should discuss the immunity afforded to former heads of State, with particular reference to the Pinochet case before the House of Lords, and explain the reasons offered there as to the absolute immunity of incumbent heads as opposed to the relative immunity of former heads. It is also worth while criticizing the narrow approach taken by the Lords and whether customary law could have played a more significant role in relation to Pinochet’s liability for torture and crimes against humanity prior to the enactment of torture in English law. Your final section should discuss, in the absence of a personal immunity, whether former heads of State enjoy a functional immunity and, if so, what this consists of. If they do enjoy this type of immunity, then it must contain the same conditions and criteria as the functional immunity enjoyed by all agents of the State.
Chapter 14: Lymphatic System and Immunity\Test Yourself 1. What causes the accumulation of fluids in tissues and how does this fluid become lymph? (p. 386) Answer 2. What is the mononuclear phagocytic system (reticuloendothelial system)? (p. 391) Answer Begin a search: Catalog | Site | Campus Rep MHHE Home | About MHHE | Help Desk | Legal Policies and Info | Order Info | What's New | Get Involved Copyright ©2000 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The McGraw-Hill Companies. For further information about this site contact mhhe_webmaster@mcgraw-hill.com.
Chapter 21: The Lymphatic and Immune System Essay Questions Quiz 21.1 Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems 21.2 Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response 21.3 The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types 21.4 The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies 21.5 The Immune Response against Pathogens 21.6 Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses 21.7 Transplantation and Cancer Immunology Disclaimer:  This course does NOT provide the education or experience needed for the diagnosing or treating any medical condition, all site contents are provided as general information only and should not be taken as medical advice. Attribution:  OpenStax College. Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax-CNX Web site. Jun 11, 2014 Flashcards PDF eBook:  Name: Anatomy & Physiology 21 Lymphatic & Immune Sys Download URL: Download MCQ Flashcards PDF eBook Book Size: 16 Pages Copyright Date: 2014 Language: English US Categories: Educational Materials Sample Questions from the Anatomy & Physiology 21 Lymphatic & Immune Sys. Flashcards Question: Describe the process of inflammation in an area that has been traumatized, but not infected. Choices: The cell debris and damaged cells induce macrophages to begin to clean them up. Macrophages release cytokines that attract neutrophils, followed by more macrophages. Other mediators released by mast cells increase blood flow to the area and also vascular permeability, allowing the recruited cells to get from the blood to the site of infection, where they can phagocytose the dead cells and debris, preparing the site for wound repair. Question: Describe the role of IgM in immunity. Choices: IgM is an antigen receptor on naïve B cells. Upon activation, naïve B cells make IgM first. IgM is good at binding complement and thus has good antibacterial.
1What causes the accumulation of fluids in tissues and how does this fluid become lymph?2Describe the differences between the primary and secondary immune responses.3Describe the organization of the immune system in terms of lines of.
Community, Immunity, Biopolitics Roberto Esposito | Istituto Italiano di Scienze Umane 1. Community, immunity, biopolitics. What is the relationship between these three terms, around which my work has been articulated in recent years? Is it possible to connect them in a relationship, which goes beyond a mere succession of different concepts or lexicons? I believe not only that it is possible but also that it is necessary. Indeed, I believe that each term reaches its fullest meaning only in relation to the other two. But let us begin with an historical fact, briefly recalling the passage through which the two semantics, first that of community and then that of biopolitics, followed each other within our contemporary philosophical debate. It is at the end of the Eighties that in France and Italy a discourse on the category of community has been developed. This discourse presented itself as a radical deconstruction of the way the term-concept of community has been adopted by the whole twentieth century philosophy, first by the organicist sociology of Gemeinschaft, then by the various ethics of communication, and lastly by the American neo-communitarianism. Despite the conspicuous differences between them, these three conceptions of community were connected by a tendency, that we could define as metaphysical, to think the notion of community in a substantialist and subjectivist sense. Community was understood, indeed, as that substance able to connect certain subjects with each other by giving them a common identity. In this way, community appeared conceptually linked to the figure of the ‘proper’ [proprio]: either understood as the appropriation of what is common [comune], or as the communication of what is ‘proper’ [i.e., one’s own] [proprio], in both cases community remained defined by a reciprocal belonging [appartenenza]. Its members finished up having in common.
A human body needs a guardian that protects it from numerous harmful influences of the environment. The immune system plays the role of such a guardian. The word ‘immune’ means ‘untouched’ or ‘free’ from something. This is the most complex system in the human body that consists of different organs, the nervous system, proteins and cells. All the system components work together and their smooth work help people stay healthy and resist pathogens, e.g. a bacterium, virus, or other microorganisms that can cause a disease. However, sometimes the immune system cannot help, for instance in case of an aggressive pathogen or the one that the body did not have contact previously. The immune system performs the functions of neutralizing viruses, bacteria and fungi; it recognizes potentially harmful substances that get inside the body from the environment; and provides support necessary to fight somehow changed cells, e.g. cancerous cells. The ability of the immune system to recognize ‘self’ and ‘non-self’ substances ensures effective protection of the organism. The body fights ‘non-self’ substances and does not attack its own healthy ‘self’ cells. The former are called antigens, they are the proteins of the pathogens. The defensive cells can detect these proteins and cause a series of specific processes in the cells. However, sometimes the system fails and identifies the ‘self’ cells as ‘non-self’, so an autoimmune reaction takes place. An outstanding fact is that the human body ‘remembers’ which proteins are dangerous. There are two parts of the immune system, namely the innate and adaptive. The innate immune system is responsible for the general defense; it targets non-specific pathogens, especially different bacteria. Genetic factors influence the human immune system; they play a vital role and protect the infants until their adaptive immune system becomes well developed.