chicago manual style footnotes dissertation

Notes-Bibliography Style: Sample Citations The following examples illustrate citations using notes-bibliography style. Examples of notes are followed by shortened versions of citations to the same source. For more details and many more examples, see chapters 16 and 17 of Turabian. For examples of the same citations using the author-date system, click on the Author-Date tab above. Book One author 1. Malcolm Gladwell, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), 64–65. 2. Gladwell, Tipping Point, 71. Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. Boston: Little, Brown, 2000. Two or more authors 1. Peter Morey and Amina Yaqin, Framing Muslims: Stereotyping and Representation after 9/11 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011), 52. 2. Morey and Yaqin, Framing Muslims, 60–61. Morey, Peter, and Amina Yaqin. Framing Muslims: Stereotyping and Representation after 9/11. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011. For four or more authors, list all of the authors in the bibliography; in the note, list only the first author, followed by “et al.” (“and others”): 1. Jay M. Bernstein et al., Art and Aesthetics after Adorno (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010), 276. 2. Bernstein et al., Art and Aesthetics, 18. Bernstein, Jay M., Claudia Brodsky, Anthony J. Cascardi, Thierry de Duve, Aleš Erjavec, Robert Kaufman, and Fred Rush. Art and Aesthetics after Adorno. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010. Editor or translator instead of author 1. Richmond Lattimore, trans., The Iliad of Homer (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951), 91–92. 2. Lattimore, Iliad, 24. Lattimore, Richmond, trans. The Iliad of Homer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951. Editor or translator in addition to author 1. Jane Austen, Persuasion: An Annotated Edition, ed. Robert Morrison.
Footnotes are a conventional way to tell your readers where you got the information and quotes that appear in your paper. Your goal is to make it easy for your readers to see what sources you used -- and easy to find any that they might want to study further. To do that, you need to provide complete citations in a consistent citation style. Leading publishers of historical scholarship (such as the American Historical Review and the Journal of American History) require Chicago Manual style footnotes. Below you will find model footnotes that cite various types of sources. (Using the search function of your browser is an easy way to find the type of source you need.) The models illustrate the format for the first reference to a particular item. A second reference to the same item can be shortened -- as in model footnote 2 below. For more on what footnotes are and how they work, see below. For more details on Chicago-style footnotes, see Chicago Documentation Style at hackerhandbooks.com or the Chicago Manual itself (available at the Duggan Library). You may also find helpful the online Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide. This document was developed to provide illustrations of the types of citations our students use most. It includes examples (some of them modified) from an earlier version of History: Documenting Sources at Rules for Writers. Printed Sources Books (print format) Book (print)      1. William H. Rehnquist, The Supreme Court: A History (New York: Knopf, 2001), 204.      2. Rehnquist, Supreme Court, 21. This is the most basic cite for a book. For any book, follow this model for punctuation, capitalization, and italics, providing author, title, place of publication, publisher, date of publication, and the page where the information you are citing can be found. Variations on this basic cite are modelled below. Note that a complete citation is needed for the.
The Chicago Manual of Style (16th ed., 2010) provides extensive instructions for two different citation systems: Chicago Notes and Bibliography style (sometimes called Chicago A ) uses footnotes or endnotes supplemented by a concluding bibliography. This style is commonly used by scholars in the fields of history and the humanities. This format is discussed at length in chapter 14 of the Manual. Chicago Author/Date style (sometimes called Chicago B ) uses parenthetical or in-text references containing author last name and date of publication, with full bibliographical detail given in a concluding reference list. This style is used more often in the sciences, and is discussed at length in chapter 15 of the Manual. One significant change with the 16th edition of the Manual is that the bibliographic elements in both systems have been reconciled to a great extent, so that the Bibliography in Notes and Bibliography style and Reference List in Author-Date style are now treated in the same manner. Abbreviations, capitalization, and the use of quotation marks are also the same in both systems. The manual is kept at the Reference Desk in Mullins Library: Electronic Formats Elements you will need for electronic citations include either a DOI ( Digital Object Identifier) or URL. Read more about DOIs. Access dates are largely optional, unless the date of publication or revision cannot be determined from the online source. More about access dates in citations can be found in section 14:7 of the Manual. We have included access dates in our examples, below, as some publishers require them. Chicago Style Examples Below are some examples of Chicago A and B citation style for common publication formats. You may also wish to consult our links to online help pages or the Chicago Quick Style Guide for additional information. Article in a scholarly journal Print Article in a scholarly.
The Chicago Manual of Style presents two basic documentation systems: (1) notes and bibliography and (2) author-date. Choosing between the two often depends on subject matter and the nature of sources cited, as each system is favored by different groups of scholars. The notes and bibliography style is preferred by many in the humanities, including those in literature, history, and the arts. This style presents bibliographic information in notes and, often, a bibliography. It accommodates a variety of sources, including esoteric ones less appropriate to the author-date system. The author-date system has long been used by those in the physical, natural, and social sciences. In this system, sources are briefly cited in the text, usually in parentheses, by author’s last name and date of publication. The short citations are amplified in a list of references, where full bibliographic information is provided. Aside from the use of notes versus parenthetical references in the text, the two systems share a similar style. Click on the tabs below to see some common examples of materials cited in each style, including examples of common electronic sources. For numerous specific examples, see chapters 14 and 15 of the 16th edition of The Chicago Manual of Style. Notes and Bibliography: Sample Citations The following examples illustrate citations using the notes and bibliography system. Examples of notes are followed by shortened versions of citations to the same source. For more details and many more examples, see chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style. For examples of the same citations using the author-date system, click on the Author-Date tab above. Book One author 1. Michael Pollan, The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals (New York: Penguin, 2006), 99–100. 2. Pollan, Omnivore’s Dilemma, 3. Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four.